June is both National Hernia Awareness Month and Men’s Health Awareness Month, offering an important opportunity to spotlight a condition that disproportionately affects men: hernias. While hernias can occur in anyone, inguinal hernias—located in the inner groin—account for more than 70% of all cases and are 25 times more likely to occur in men than women.
A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. While they can appear in various body parts, most hernias occur in the abdomen and groin area. Inguinal hernias, which develop in the inner groin, account for about 27% of men and 3% of women. Congenital hernias occur in about 15% of newborns, mostly umbilical.
According to the National Center for Health Statistics, more than five million people in the U.S. suffer from hernias annually, yet only about 15% seek medical treatment.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Hernias can develop gradually or suddenly, and symptoms vary by type and severity. Some of the most common signs include:
- a bulge in the groin—the area between the lower abdomen and thighs
- a bulge in the scrotum in a male
- feelings of discomfort, pain, heaviness, or burning in the groin
Risk Factors
Hernias can affect people of all ages and backgrounds, but certain factors increase your risk, including:
- Abdominal surgery or previous hernia repair
- Chronic constipation or coughing
- Pregnancy or recent childbirth
- Obesity or rapid weight gain
- Aging, which can weaken muscles
- Premature birth or low birth weight
- Heavy lifting or frequent strenuous activity
“While hernias are common, they’re not something to ignore,” said Dr. Vardan Papoian, General Surgeon and independent member of Barstow Community Hospital’s Medical Staff. “Many people delay care because their symptoms are minor or come and go. But a hernia can escalate quickly and become an emergency. It’s important to get evaluated, especially if you notice pain, swelling or a bulge that doesn’t go away.”
When to Seek Treatment
If your hernia is small and not causing pain, your doctor may recommend monitoring it for changes. Symptoms of stuck or strangulated hernias may include:
- a hernia bulge that is suddenly larger than before
- fever
- redness around the hernia
- sudden or severe pain or tenderness around the hernia
- symptoms of intestinal obstruction, such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting
The good news? Hernia repair is a common and safe procedure, often performed using minimally invasive techniques that offer faster recovery times and fewer risks.
Prevention Tips
Although not all hernias are preventable, you can reduce your risk by:
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Quitting smoking
- Avoiding straining during bowel movements
- Using proper form when lifting
- Managing chronic coughs or constipation with medical care
If you notice signs of a hernia or have concerns about abdominal discomfort, don’t wait. Call your primary care physician to schedule an appointment and if needed receive a referral to a General Surgeon to be evaluated and discuss your options. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly affect your health and quality of life.
Dr. Vardan Papoian is a General Surgeon and independent member of Barstow Community Hospital’s Medical Staff.
